用中国居民平衡膳食宝塔评价广西居民膳食模式

Assessment of dietary pattern of residents in Guangxi with Chinese balance dietary pagoda

目的评价广西居民膳食模式,为制订膳食模式改善策略提供科学依据。方法用多阶整群随机抽样法抽取4城区、4农村县,4268户、17104人。用称重法获调味品量,3d24h回顾法获个人食物量,用中国居民平衡膳食宝塔评价广西居民膳食模式。结果广西居民谷类、蔬菜、水果、鱼虾、蛋类、奶类、豆类摄入不足,盐、畜禽肉、油脂摄入过量。畜禽肉、鱼虾、奶类、蔬菜、水果、蛋类、油脂摄入量是省会城市>一般城市>二类农村>四类农村,表现出与经济发展水平呈正比关系。畜禽肉、鱼虾、奶类、蛋类、水果摄入量是高收入组>中收入组>低收入组,表现出与经济收入呈正比关系。蛋、奶、豆类、水果摄入逐年递增和食盐摄入逐年下降,向合理膳食模式靠近。畜禽肉、油脂摄入逐年递增和谷类、蔬菜、鱼虾摄入逐年下降,背离合理膳食模式要求。城市摄入动物性食品总量有放缓趋势,而农村有加速趋势,与经济水平发展进程有关。广西居民营养有明显的由低脂膳食向高脂膳食转变趋势。结论广西已进入居民膳食模式的迅速变迁期,已到了膳食模式干预的关键阶段。

Objective To assess the dietary pattern of residents in Guangxi for reference to the strategy of the dietary pattern improvement. Methods 4 268 households included 17 104 residents were selected from Guangxi through multistage stratified randomized cluster sampling. Household condiment data were collected by weighting method, individual intakes by 3 consecutive 24- hour recalls were obtained. Assessment of dietary pattern of resi- dents in Guangxi with Chinese balance dietary pagoda was conducted. Results The intakes of cereals, vegetables, fruits, fish and shrimp, eggs, milk and dairy products, legumes and legumes products were lack and meat and poultry, fat and oil, salt were surfeit of residents in Guangxi. The intakes of meat and poultry, fish and shrimp, milk and dairy products, vegetables, fruits, eggs, fat and oil were provincial capital 〉 general city 〉 the second kind of villages 〉 the forth kind of villages, which showed the direct proportion relation to economic developing level. The intakes of meat and poultry, fish and shrimp, milk and dairy products, eggs, vegetables ,fruits were high income group 〉 middle income group 〉 low income group,which showed the direct proportion relation to income level. The intakes of eggs, milk and dairy products, legumes and legumes products, fruits increased and the intake of salt decreased year by year, which was close to the rational dietary pattern. The intakes of meat and poultry, fat and oil increased and cereals, vegetables, fish and shrimp decreased year by year, which deviated from the rational dietary pattern. The trend of animal food intake was slow - motion in city and was sped up in rural areas, which had relation to economic developing level. Guangxi residents had a trend from low fat diet to high fat diet. Conclusion The dietary pattern of residents in Guangxi has already entered a quick transition stage and has been to a very important interfered phase.