中职护理新生与高中新生心理焦虑状况调查分析

The Investigation and Analysis of the Psychological Anxiety of the Freshman in the Middling Occupational Nursing School and the Senior High School.

目的了解两种不同性质学校新生的心理健康状况,为学校教育工作者和开展心理健康教育提供参考依据。方法采用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)量表对349名中职护理新生和185名普通高中新生进行问卷调查。结果无论是中职护理新生还是高一新生,在心理方面均存在一定的焦虑。有焦虑倾向者的总体检出率,中职护理新生55.6%,高一新生51.4%,两者之间的检出率基本一致。心理健康各维度中,中职护理新生在学习焦虑方面无论是评分值还是高焦虑检出率均显著高于高一新生,对人焦虑、自责倾向、恐怖倾向评分值也高于高一新生,而孤独倾向、身体症状的评分值却低于高一新生。高一新生孤独倾向和身体倾向的检出率高于中职新生。另外,高一新生中农村学生有焦虑倾向者的总检出率及身体症状的高焦虑检出率高于城市学生;而中职护理新生有焦虑倾向者的总检出率以及各维度的检出率农村学生与城市学生之间并无显著性差异。结论中职新生和高中新生在心理健康方面既有相同之处,也有差异之处,应根据各自特点加强心理健康教育。

Objective To evaluate the difference of the psychological anxiety of the freshmen in the middling occupational nursing school and the senior high school in order toprovide the scientific basis for the educators to make mental health educa tion. Methods The questionnaire of the mental health diagnosis test was used in this investigation. 349 middling occupation- al nursing freshmen and 185 senior high school freshmen were investigated. Results Both the middling occupational nursing freshmen and the senior high school freshmen had some psychological anxiety. The students who had the psychological anxiety accounted for 55.6 percent and 51.4 percent in the investigated students respectively. In the freshmen of the middling oc- cupational nursing school, both the score and the ratio of the learning anxiety were markedly higher than those freshmen in the senior high school. Secondly, the scores of the anxiety of facing others, self-abuse liability and fear liability of the middling occupational nursing freshmen were higher, while the scores of solitude liability and body symptom anxiety were lower than of the freshmen, and the ratio of the students with solitude liability and body symptom in the senior high school were higher than those students in the middling occupational nursing school. Otherwise, the ratio of total anxiety and the body symptom anxiety of the country students were higher than that of the urban students in the senior high school, and the ratio of all the aspects of the psychological anxiety had no marked difference between the country and urban students in the middling occupational nursing school. Conclusion Both homology and difference existed in the mental heath of the freshmen in the middling occupational nursing school and the senior high school. According to the different psychological characters of the freshmen, the different mental health education should be implemented.