摘要
当今世界水环境污染和水资源短缺问题日益突出。如何进行水资源优化配置，将人类活动控制在生态、资源、环境允许范围内，核心问题是生态需水量的确定。通过对国内外生态需水量研究现状的分析，阐述了生态需水量的概念：在现状和未来时空间尺度上，一定的生态环境标准条件下，为维持流域或区域特定的天然生态环境功能必须保障蓄存和消耗的最小水量。对目前采取的各种生态需水量计算方法进行了总结，计算了民勤生态需水量。结果表明，为了使民勤生态系统不再恶化，每年需要补给2．406×10^8～2．414×10^8m。的水。如果考虑民勤地区人的生活用水和农业灌溉用水4．263×10^8～5．458×10^8m^3，民勤地区的总需水量应为6．669～7．872亿m^3。
The definition,calculation and application of ecological water requirement are described. The significance of the calculation of ecological water requirement is explained. The major content and deep significance of ecological water requirement are analyzed. The calculation methods and theoretical models are discussed. Moreover,the ecological water requirement for vegetation in Minqin basin is estimated by GIS technology and mathematic model and its ecological water shortage is compared to its current water consumption. The results indicates that the annual ecological water requirement of vegetation in Minqin basin was 2. 406～2. 414×10^8 m^3. In the end,an advice on what to do in the future is given.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第6期58-61,共4页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划973项目"中国北方沙漠化过程及其防治研究"(No.G2000048705)
国家基础科学人才培养基地兰州大学地理学基地学生科研培训项目资助
关键词
生态需水量
计算模型
民勤
植被
ecological water requirement
mathematics methods
Minqin
vegetation
