泥石流流域地貌形态的统计分形

Statistical Morphological Fractal Research on Debris Flow Drainage

流域面积、主沟长度和沟床比降等地形地貌要素,在泥石流的发育和形成中起重要作用,研究证明三者与泥石流沟分布之间存在非线性关系,具有明显的分形特征。回顾了泥石流流域地貌的分形研究,并通过大量的资料分析,对原来泥石流流域地貌的分维计算进行了改进,得到的分维结果更具有关联性。同时,建立了泥石流流域地貌的统计分形模型,对泥石流流域地貌分维的意义进行了详细论述。这为泥石流发育、形成和分布的非线性研究提供了一条定量化途径。

Topography and morphology play an important role in the forming and developing of debris flow. Current researches have proved that non-linear relationship existed between debris flow gully datum and morphological factors such as drainage area, mainstream length, bed gradient, and so on. According to fractal theory, these factors have evident fractal feature. Based on the review of morphological fractal research on debris flow drainage and the analysis of abundant debris flow information, calculating method of fractal dimension was improved and a new statistical morphological fractal model was established. By comparing the fractal dimension results （calculated by the improved method） of Jiangjiagou drainage and Xiangjiaba reservoir area to the old ones, a more associative relationship was found. In the end, the significance of fractal dimension and fractal feature of debris flow morphology was presented in detail. This research provides a qualifying method for the non-linear research on the forming, developing and distribution of debris flow.