台湾东部地区防风定砂之植生工法设计

Vegetation Engineering Design of Windbreaks and Sand Fixation for East-Taiwan

对于台湾东部地区提出防风定砂之植生工法,以改善台湾东海岸及河川内之风砂危害。台湾台东地区,近年来受到2001年6月的奇比7、月的尤特和9月的利奇马台风,几个强台风接连的肆虐,造成海岸地区及河川高滩地之自然植被流失,海岸及河床大面积裸露。易遭上游冲刷的泥浆粉砂覆盖,枯水干旱期间再加上东北风横吹,致使粉砂土扬起吹向市区,造成严重的风砂为患。为了减少农作物之损失、自然环境之破坏以及维护生活品质、当地居民生命财产之安全,采取较不破坏环境景观之植生工法,针对东台湾之环境特性,设计适宜之防风定砂设施,以减低风害、盐害并达到营造河海岸之生物多样性生态环境的目的。

This study focus on the windbreaks methods of vegetation engineering for East-Taiwan environment. The geographic environment of east-Taiwan usually be influenced by typhoon and strong wind. Therefore, windbreaks or shelterbelts are established in coastal areas of Taiwan to reduce crop damage caused by strong winds and salt spray, and to improve the living quality of local people. Revegeration can reduce wind and salt damage and fix sand, thus protecting riverbank, cropland and living area. For the wind damage, we design the vegetative methods of windbreaks to improve the east-Taiwan natural environment. The procedures are： （1） Sand fixation structures： fence barrier for sand stabilization, rice stubble can be used as an obstruction to the wind in sand dunes, suitable plants for sand fixation are sea-purslane, railroad-vine, wild sugarcane, littoral spine grass and ehaste-tree; （2） windbreaks along coasts： suitable plants, width of windbreaks, plant seedlings, planting at inhospitable sites; （3） windbreaks on farmland.