华北平原城郊类型区土地利用及景观格局变化研究——以衡水市桃城区为例

Changes of Land Use and Landscape Patterns in Rural-urban Interaction——A Case Study:Taocheng District,Hengshui City

基于Landsat TM影像数据，应用ArcGIS软件和景观生态学方法，分析了城郊类型的桃城区1996～2000年间的土地利用空间格局变化。结果表明，该区土地利用类型以耕地、建筑用地为主，1996年二者总面积占全区面积的93．45％，2000年略降为85．8％。园地、农村居民点面积增加迅速，分别增长了7．65％和4．72％，小麦、棉花面积下降较快，各下降了7．37％和8．58％。土地变化主要表现为小麦向农村居民点、小麦向园地、棉花向小麦、农村居民点向城镇的转移。采用斑块平均面积、分维数、优势度指数和破碎度指数等景观指数分析了桃城区的景观动态变化特征，发现桃城区正处于乡村向城镇化发展的过渡状态。

Landsat TM images are the basis in production of a series of land use/land cover data. Based on two Landsat TM data ,geographic information system （GIS） and the method of landscape pattern was used to analyze the changes in spatial patterns of the land use in Taocheng district belonging to rural-urban interaction type. The results are shown as follows. 1） In Taocheng district, the arable land and construction land are main types of land use, which occupied 93.45% of total area in 1996. Though their area decreased a little in 2000, which occupied 85.8% of total area; 2） During 1996-2000, the area of orchard and village increased rapidly. The area of orchard increased 7.65%, village land 4.72% while the area of wheat field reduced 7.37%, cotton 8.58%. 3） During 1996-2000, inter-transitions between different types of land use are very complex. The main transition occurred between wheat to village, wheat to orchard, cotton to wheat, village to city. 4） Through analysis of average patch area, fractal dimension, dominance index and fragmentation index, the features of landscape dynamic change were revealed. It implied that it was being a transition of village to city in Taocheng district.