污灌土壤中氟及硫的形态分布特征

The Distributing of Fluorine and Sulfur in Sewage Irrigated Soils

以乌鲁木齐雅马里克山的石灰性土壤为研究对象，采用连续提取法和分步提取法对土壤氟和硫的化学形态进行了测定，研究了不同水质及外源对土壤氟和硫各形态的含量及其分布的影响。结果表明土壤氟主要以残渣态为主，占全氟含量99．5％以上。各形态氟呈残余态氟〉有机束缚态氟〉水溶态氟〉可交换态氟〉铁锰结合态氟的趋势。不同水质浇灌后，土壤硫主要以有机硫为主，占71．5％～81．2％。并且呈现有机硫〉盐酸可溶性硫〉水溶性硫〉吸附性硫的趋势。外源物质对土壤理化性质及对土壤中氟和硫各形态有不同程度的影响。土壤氟和硫各形态之间以及各形态与土壤理化性质之间的相关性分析表明，全氟与残余态氟极显著相关。土壤全硫与有机硫之间具有十分密切的相关性。土壤pH值、有机质和CaCO3含量是影响土壤中氟及硫赋存形态的主要土壤因子。

Chemical forms of fluorine and sulfur in calcific soils from Yamalik Mountain in Urumqi were studied by sequential and stepwise abstraction method. The effect of different water quality and exogenous F and S on contents and forms of soil F and S were researched. The results showed that Res-F was the most part of T-F, and it accounted for more than 99.5% The order of contents of different F forms was Res-F〉Or-F〉 Ws-F〉 Ex-F〉 Fe/Mn-F. Irrigation with different water, soil S existed mostly in the organic form, it occupied 71.5-81.2 % of the total S. Soil S had the order of Or-S〉 HC1- S〉 H2 O-S〉 Ads-S. Exogenous substance had different effects on the soil physico-chemical properties and chemical forms of soil F and S. The relativity analysis showed that T-F significantly correlated to Res-F, and there were well correlation between T-S and Or-S. Soil pH, O.M. and CaCO3 content were the major factors that influenced the forms of soil F and S.