湖南城乡中学生心理健康状况的调查与比较

Research and Comparison on the Mental Health Situation of Middle School Students from City and Country

根据深入开展城乡中学生的心理健康教育的需要,调查湖南城乡中学生的心理健康状况。运用SCL—90量表随机对1570名中学生进行团体施测。结果表明城乡中学生心理问题的总检出率为10.56%,其中严重心理问题学生有3.69%。比较显示,农村与城区中学生心理健康状况中心理问题的总检出率无显著差异,但城乡中学生各年级间心理存在显著差异,农村中学生中心理问题的高发期是初一和高一,而城区中学生中心理问题的高发期是初三和高二。城乡中学生的心理健康状况既不容乐观,也不宜悲观。各因子分中,农村中学生人际关系敏感和敌对两因子显著高于城区中学生,抑郁和精神病性两因子也显著高于城区中学生。与全国中学生常模比较,湖南城乡中学生各因子分明显低于常模,心理健康整体状况高于全国中学生心理健康平均水平。与全国青年常模比较,湖南城乡中学生各因子分明显高于常模,心理健康整体状况低于全国青年心理健康平均水平。

The mental health situation of middle school students from city and country was investigated based on the need of lunching mental health education among middle school students deeply. 1570 middle school students were group-tested by SCL- 90. The results indicates 10.56% middle school students have mental problems, and 3. 69% were serious. Comparison shows no significant difference exists in the rate of mental problems between the students from eity and those from country, but sig nificant difference among grades. The most frequent period of mental problems is the first year in junior and senior middle school for students from country, but the third year in junior middle school and the seeond year in senior middle school for those from city. Mental health situation of middle school students is not optimistic or pessimistic. There＇s no significant difference among the factors, except two factors, personal relations sensitive and hostile, students in country higher than those in city. Comparison with the national middle school students normal, the scores are fower, and the general mental health situation are higher than the average level. Comparison with the national youth normal, the scores are higher and the general mental health situation is lower than the average level.