中国栽培油菜的起源和进化

Origin and Evolution of Cultivable Rapeseeds in China

在分析中国栽培油菜主要性状进化趋势的基础上,对中国栽培油菜的分类系统进行了补充完善。并通过油菜野生种分布、特有类型和原始类型分布、外类群分布、古代文化遗址考古及古代文献考证和地质与气候背景资料分析,提出以青藏高原为主体的西部高山、丘陵地区是我国栽培白菜型和芥菜型油菜的起源地,并提出了芥菜型油菜起源与进化的另一条路径,即芥菜型油菜可能是由新疆毛芥染色体加倍演化而来的观点。

Based on the mainly shaped and propertied evolution of rapeseeds, the author completed and perfected the classified system of rapeseeds in China. At the same time,by the analysis of the distribution of wild rapeseeds,original culture rapeseeds （ Brassica campestris and B. juncea ） ,Outgroup（ Cleornaceae and Macropodiurn ）,special reference to the historic investigation of the origin of Chinese Brassica campestris and B. juncea , and also about the textual research of cultural archaeology and civilization the author advanced that Qinghai-xizang plateau and its around highland and hills would possibly be the original center of Chinese Brassica campestris and B. juncea, while B. juncea would possibly be evoluted by other original way of crossing black mustard （B. nigra） and B. carnpestris and evoluted to B. juncea, which was evoluted by doubling the chromosome of Brassica Xinjiangensis.