安太堡露天矿区土地景观格局变化及土地复垦的原则

THE CHANGES OF LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE AND THE PRINCIPLES OF LAND RECLAMATION IN THE ANTAIBAO OPENCAST AREA

利用地理信息系统软件将矿区各期的土地利用图上的各景观类型进行面积统计,根据各景观类型的面积数据分析露天矿区景观格局的变化,根据景观格局的变化规律为矿区土地复垦提供指导性的原则。采用实证分析法、文献资料法和数学方法,计算出土地景观类型变化的总变化率和年变化及景观类型的转移量。通过对土地景观类型的总变化率和年变化率及景观类型的转移量的研究,反映了露天矿区土地景观类型变化的特点,同时在矿区土地复垦的过程中,应该着眼于技术、规划、资金、管理、生态等方面的综合因素,以利于创建持续性的矿区生态环境。

This paper monitors the changes of the landscape structure by the land information technology in the opencast area, and proposes the directing principles for the land reclamation. Methods of analysis and documentation are employed, in the same time by using the mathematic method the gross changing rate and the annual changing rate and the landscape conversion matrix change are calculated. Finally, this paper concludes that it is helpful to enhance the efficiency of monitoring the changes of the landscape structure by the modern land information technology, and a lot of factors must be considered in the process of the land reclamation, such as the technology, the planning, the foundation and so on, which will be useful to establish a successive mineral environment.