中国社区旅游模式探讨——以徽州古村落社区旅游为例

THE STUDY ON COMMUNITY TOURISM MODEL IN CHINA——A case of Huizhou Ancient Villages

综合国内外社区旅游研究文献,认为社区旅游不能进行界定,而只宜于进行描述。本文在此基础上提出了社区旅游描述性工具——社区旅游连续统。并结合徽州古村落各自的特点,对古村落社区旅游及相关策略进行探讨,认为古村落社区的弱势地位导致了社区旅游的非持续性态势,因而古村落社区应充分利用旅游发展促进社区发展的基础上,以“第三条道路”理念为指导,贯彻权利义务对等的原则,对所有社区旅游的利益相关者的要求进行折衷与选择,并结合各村落的旅游发展阶段,确定社区参与的层次和内容。

Based on a comprehensive analysis of research documents both at home and abroad as to community tourism, the author finds out that community tourism is hard to define and it is suitable only for description. This paper, on the basis of above findings, presents a descriptive approach for community tourism the continuum of Community Tourism （CCT）, and probes into the development of community tourism in ancient villages as well as its strategies. The author states that the unsustainable situation of community tourism can be attributed to the relatively low status of communities in ancient villages. Therefore, communities in ancient villages should, above all, take full advantage of tourism industry to upgrade their development. Then, under the guidance of ＂The Third way＂ concept and the principle of ＂Equal Rights versus Equal Obligations＂, communities should make a compromise and wise choices for the demands of all the stakeholders concerning community tourism, and draw a clear outline for the levels and contents of community involvement in tourism according to the development stage of respective ancient villages. At last, the author puts forward the following specific measures to develop the community tourism in Huizhou ancient villages：l）The ancient villages should take community development as a central axis and make full use of the development of community tourism to integrate and promote community development. 2） The government should take a leading role and build a platform on which different stakeholders concerning community tourism interact and promote cooperation with one another.3） It＇s indispensable to advocate establishing the organizations of intermediary agencies by which the benefits of various stakeholders are balanced.