清末“自治”思潮的两个方向

The Two Orientations of Self-government Ideological Trend in Late Qing Dynasty

清末自治思潮兴起于中国思想界诉求建立现代民族国家的大背景下,体现了知识分子对清王朝统治合法性的否定。“自治”思潮沿着两个方向发展:其一,就其内在逻辑来说,它是现代国民体现自尊自主自由的一种能力,进而表现为一种国民精神。其二,就其社会实践来说,地方自治是重建强大中国的必由之路,中国不仅适宜于地方自治,而且必须实行地方自治。

Self-government ideological trend sprang up under a great background, in which the China Ideology Circle requested to establish a contemporary national country. This showed that the intellectuals at that time denied the validity of the reign of Qing dynasty. Self-government ideological trend developed along two orientations: it firstly displayed as a kind of national spirit, and secondly as local self-government.