重庆市渝中区“浮图关”、“鹅岭”地名的文化人类学研究——以民族语言内涵和史志文献考证为突破口

Using culture and anthropology to study place name of“Futu Pass”and“Eling”of Yuzhong District of Chongqing——Based on examination of nationality languages and literature as

巴楚文化在重庆市渝中区尚有遗存,今佛图关以前称浮图关,“佛图、浮图”源于楚语“於菟”：虎,“浮图、佛图”关即“於菟”关、“虎”关,此地在山岭脊梁,悬崖绝壁,易守难攻,形似老虎把守。其根由是,古代三苗一支溯长江西进到达今浮图关,以“於菟”命名此地。后来,古代楚人攻占此地,命名“於菟”,意为“虎牢关”。鹅岭,在浮图关对面一公里地,山岭不似鹅,而是巴族语、土家族语“峨且列”音遗。土家语峨,蛇；且列或列且,列兼虎意,汉译音读“岭”；意为“脚踩”。“峨岭”、“峨力”音近,意为“蛇虎横行、草树丛生的潮湿坡地,随处脚可踩到蛇”。

The culture of Ba and Chu has remnants in Yuzhong District of Chongqing, for example, current Fotu Pass was called Futu Pass, ＂Fotu and Futu＂ come from ＂Wutu＂ of Chu language which means tiger, Fotu and Futu pass mean Tiger Pass which means that this place looks llke tiger＇s guarding and is mountainous, easy to guard and hard to attack. Firstly, Sanmiao Yizhi westwardly reached current Futu Pass along Yangtze River and named the place as ＂Wutu＂. Seoondly, ancient Chu people occupied the place and then named it as ＂Wutu＂ which means Tiger Pass＂. Thirdly, Eling Hill, which is opposite to Futu Pass with a kilometer distance, does not look like goose, the name of which comes from transliteration of ＂Eqielie＂ of Ba and Tu Jia language. E means snake and Qielie means hill. Eling means snake hill and snake slope. The pronunciation of ＂Eling＂ and ＂Eli＂ is similar and means that ＂snakes and tigers are rampant, there are a lot of grass and trees and wet land＂.