“周鸿庆事件”与美日台三角关系

"Zhou Hongqing Incident" and the Triangular Relations among the US,Japan and Taiwan

1963年末发生的“周鸿庆事件”引发了台日关系的危机。在这场事件中,日本不顾台湾当局的压力,坚持允许周鸿庆返回大陆。在台湾看来,这是日本亲大陆的严重过失行为,因此对日采取了激烈的报复措施,台日矛盾激化,一度濒临“断交”的边缘。作为台日双方的盟友,美国利用驻台“大使馆”向台湾当局斡旋,不断对其施加压力。美国国务卿腊斯克也亲自访日、访台,为解决双方矛盾不遗余力。最终,在美国的调节下,台日双方各让一步,就此渡过了这场“外交”危机。在解决整个事件的过程中,美国的重要作用不可低估,同时,美国在远东的战略意图也反映得淋漓尽致。

The 'Zhou Hongqing Incident' in late 1963 triggered off a crisis in the relations between Taiwan and Japan. In this incident, the Japanese government insisted on allowing Zhou Hongqing to return to the mainland regardless of the pressure from the Taiwan authorities. Taiwan looked upon this act as a serious pro-mainland mistake on the part of Japan and took radical retaliatory measures against the latter, pushing the relations between the two sides to the brink of 'breaking off diplomatic relations.' As an ally of both Taiwan and Japan, the United States used its 'embassy' in Taiwan to work on the Taiwan authorities and increasingly screwed up its pressure. The US Secretary of State Rusk also paid personal visits to Japan and Taiwan and did his utmost to solve the contradictions between the two sides. Finally, through the American mediation, Taiwan and Japan both made concessions and tided over this 'diplomatic' crisis. The US played an incalculably important role in solving the crisis and its strategic intention in the Far East was also thoroughly exposed.