大气CO_2浓度升高对植物光合作用的影响

Effects of elevated atmospheric CO_2 concentration on plant photosynthesis

大气CO2浓度不断升高以及由此带来的温室效应已成为全球变化研究的热点问题之一。CO2作为植物光合作用的底物,其浓度升高必然对植物的光合作用产生影响。大气CO2浓度升高对植物光合作用的影响主要体现在:对不同植物的光合色素含量均有影响,但结果有所差异;短期处理光合速率提高,而长期处理则可能出现光合适应,其适应机理目前尚存在分歧;不同光合类型植物的叶片形态结构有不同的响应结果,叶绿体超微结构也明显变化;生物量和产量提高。此外,CO2浓度升高与其它环境因子相互作用对植物的光合作用也具有重要影响。大气CO2浓度升高条件下对木本植物的研究、在分子水平上的深入研究以及在不同环境下的研究将成为未来研究的主要方向。

In recent years, atmospheric CO2 concentration incessantly increasing and greenhouse effect induced have already become one of studies of global change focus on. As the material of photosynthesis of plant, elevated CO2 concentration must have an effect on photosynthesis of plant. This paper reviews the current researches about the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on photosynthesis, including photosynthetic pigment content varies differently in different plants and photosynthetic rate increases after short treatment et al. There is likely to photosynthetic acclimation after long treatment, but the acclimation mechanism still has different arguments; leaf morphology and structure responds differently in plants that belong to different photosynthesis types, and chloroplast ultrastructure also varies obviously; biomass and yield increase. Furthermore, interactive effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration and other environmental factors also have important influences on photosynthesis. The mainstream study of future under elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration include woody plant studies, further studies at molecular level and studies under diverse environments.