降低双电层电容器等效内阻的实验研究

Research on Low Internal Resistance of Carbon Based Double Layer Capacitor

为降低双层电容器等效内阻,扩大其输出电流,分析了双电层电容器内阻的形成机理,得出其等效串联内阻的主要影响因素为高电导率电解液的选取、极化电极的制备、极化电极和集电极的接触电阻以及封装工艺等。据此,用高比表面积的工业活性炭制备出比电容高达143.73F/g,等效串联内阻仅为113mΩ的电极材料。对电解液浓度、极化电极、集电极以及隔膜等因素影响的实验分析表明:降低双电层电容器等效串联电阻的有效措施为减少集电极和极化电极、引线和电极之间的接触电阻,采用低电阻率的高性能电极材料和电解液。

Principle about the formation of the internal resistance of the double layer capacitors is analyzed. Results show that the most important factors influencing the equal series resistance（ESR） of the double layer capacitors are choice of electrolyte, fabrication of the polarize electrode, contact resistance between the polarizing electrode and the collector electrode, encapsulation technique and so on. Polarized electrode with high ratio capacitance up to 143. 73F/g is manufactured and ESR 113mΩ is obtained. Through experiments in respects of concentration of electrolyte, material for polarizing electrode, collector electrode and separator which are the key factors of ESR of double layer capacitor, double layer capacitor＇s electric performance is studied. Based on the theory and the conclusions of experiments, effective measures to reduce the ESR of the double layer capacitors, such as use of electrolyte with low resistance ratio and reduction of the contact resistance between the polarize electrode and the collector electrode, are summarized.