生物质热解液化装置研制与试验研究

Development of Biomass Pyrolysis Set and Its Experimental Research

介绍了一种电热式快速流化床生物质热解液化装置的研制,该装置的技术关键是采用两级螺旋进料和大流量喷雾直接冷凝收集生物油.试验结果表明,该装置完全可以用于各种固体生物质的热解液化,而且无论何种生物质都存在最佳热解温度.木屑、稻壳、玉米秆和棉花秆4种原料在最佳热解条件下的生物油质量产率分别为63%,53%,57%和56%,热值均为17～18 MJ/kg.通过试验研究还发现,生物油是一种复杂的含氧有机化合物和水组成的混合物,包含了几乎所有化学类别的有机物;减少原料携带的外在水可有效降低生物油中的水分;储藏时间达半年的生物油仍然可以直接燃烧.

This paper introduces a kind of biomass pyrolysis set based on fluidized-bed, which has such characteristics as feeding feedstock with two screw feeders and cooling hot pyrolysis steam with spraying of biooil. Experimental result shows that the developed pyrolysis set is available to convert biomass into bio-oil and all biomass have an optimal temperature for maximum bio-oil yields. For instance, bio-oil yields of sawdust, rice husk, corn stalk and cotton stalk are 63 %, 53 %, 57 % and 56 % respectively at optimal pyrolysis temperature.The analysis indicates that the calorific value of bio-oil is about 17 MJ/kg and bio-oil is a mixture of water and oxygenic compounds including almost all chemical categories. The research also shows that drying biomass can effectively reduce the moisture in bio-oil, and the bio-oil stored for half a year still can be used as fuel oil.