北京地区城市热岛的时空分布特征

Distributive Character of Urban Heat Island Effect in the Beijing Region

应用自动气象站逐时气温观测资料分析了北京城市热岛的时空分布特征。结果表明，无论冬、夏季，北京的城市热岛在空间分布上均表现出多中心结构。热岛强度冬季大于夏季、夜间大于白天，热岛中心随时间存在漂移现象，日变化幅度冬季大于夏季。城市热岛在时间域上呈多尺度结构，冬、夏季均以20-30h所对应的日变化和120-270h的周变化为主，周变化振荡的波谷主要出现在周六至周一，波峰出现在周三至周五，变化趋势冬季比夏季明显。

Based on the hourly temperature data from 43 automatic weather stations in the January and July of 2004, the main distribution features of urban heat island （ UHI ） in the Beijing region are analyzed. The results show that the UHI mean intensity was stronger in nighttime （ winter ） than daytime （ summer ） ; the UHI exhibited a spatial structure of multiple centers and the maximum value center shifted from one place to another with in a day both in summer and winter, but the diurnal range of HUI intensity was larger in winter than summer; and the HUI in Beijing also displayed a temporal structure of multi-time scales,i, e. diurnal（ 20-30 h） and weekly（ 120-270 h） peorids dominate whether in winter or summer with the weekly peak on Wednesday to Friday and the weekly trough range of oscillations was more remarkable in winter than summer.