小学生数学基本能力测试量表在贵州省的应用分析

A Trial Application of Heidelberg Mathematics Test in Nine Elementary Schools of Guizhou and An Analysis on the Data Obtained

目的:用《德国海德堡大学小学生数学基本能力测试量表》测查贵州省小学生数学基本能力的现状,为制订适合贵州省儿童的测试量表及其参照常模提供基础资料。方法:采用《德国海德堡大学小学生数学基本能力测试量表》翻译版团体测试贵州省9所普通小学的2703名1～6年级的小学生。结果:贵州省小学生在数学运算领域各分测试的得分明显低于全国平均水平;而空间-视觉领域各分测试的得分与全国差异相对较小;在抄写数字、加法、减法、填空、比较大小、方块计数、数字连线7个分项目上存在性别差异,男生得分高于女生;该表的信度、效度符合测量学的标准。结论:本次调查初步掌握了贵州省小学生数学基本能力的有关情况,信度、效度符合心理测量学的要求,可以进一步制定贵州省的参照常模。

Objective： To collect information about basic mathematical abilities of elementary school children in Guizhou province, so as to provide basic data for establishing a norm of Guozhou. Methods： With Heidelberg Mathematics Test, 2 703 students from grade 1 to grades 6 in nine common elementary schools in Guizhou province were tested. Results： The elementary school children tested got obviously lower scores in calculation subscale in the mathematics test than the average score of the state. Their scores of space-sight subscale were also lower than the average score of the state , but the difference was not so large. There were differences between different sexes in the scores of SG, RA, RS, EG, GK, WU, ZV branch tests, calculation, space-sight and the total scores. Boys got higher scores than girls. The reliabilities and validities of this test met the standards of psychological measurement. Conclusions： The obtained data reflex, to some extent, the basic mathematical abilities of elementary school children in Guizhou province, and they are valuable in the establishment of a Guizhou norm in the future.