三羟异黄酮对正常和辐射损伤小鼠骨髓造血细胞周期的影响

Effect of genistein on cell cycle of bone marrow hematopoietic cells in normal and irradiated mice

目的三羟异黄酮(genistein,GEN)对正常和辐射损伤小鼠骨髓造血细胞(bonemarrowhematopoieticcell,BMHC)的细胞周期、增殖能力及bcl-2基因表达的影响,以期阐明其防护放射性造血损伤的分子机制。方法照射前24h,GEN以160mg/kg体重剂量给予小鼠灌胃,流式细胞仪观察BMHCs细胞周期及增殖能力变化,RT-PCR及Westernblot方法分析BMHCsbcl-2mRNA和蛋白表达情况。结果①GEN可诱导正常小鼠BMHCs细胞周期一过性改变,即给药后1d,BMHCs增殖抑制,大量细胞阻滞于G0/G1期;给药后2d,GEN诱导BMHCs由G0/G1期向S期转换,S期细胞明显增多;4d后逐渐恢复正常。②照射前24h给药,GEN可减少射线导致的BMHCs增殖抑制,使照后阻滞于G0/G1期细胞减少;S期和G2/M期细胞增多,细胞增殖能力较强。同时,GEN预处理组bcl-2mRNA及蛋白的表达均较高。结论改变BMHCs细胞周期、降低BMHCs的辐射敏感性、抑制BMHCs凋亡和提高残留BMHCs的增殖分化能力可能是GEN防护放射线造血损伤的分子机制之一。

Objective To study the effects of genistein on cell cycle, proliferation and expression of bcl- 2 gene in bone marrow hematopoietic cells （BMHCs） of normal and irradiated mice in order to explore mechanisms for protection of genistein from radiation-induced hematopeietic system injury. Methods Adult male BALB/c mice were orally administered with genistein （160 mg/kg b .w. ） 24 h before irradiation. Cell cycles in BMHCs of the normal and irradiated mice were measured by flow cytometry. The protein and mRNA expressions of bcl-2 gene in BMHCs were analyzed by Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively. Results a） Transitory and significant changes occurred in the cell cycle of BMHCs in the normal mice after administration of genistein： first, the proliferation suppression of BMHCs was observed and most cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase on day 1 ; second, progression of cells from G0/G1 phase into S phase was observed, accumulation of cells in S phase on day 2, and back to the normal level on day 4. b） Genistein, administration 24 h before irradiation, decreased the percentage of BMHCs in G0/G1 phase and increased cell proliferation. Moreover, genistein upregulated the protein and mRNA expressions of bcl-2 in BMHCs in the irradiated mice. Conclusions It was shown that changing with cell cycle, strengthening of radioresistant, suppressing of radiation-induced apoptosis, and enhancing of proliferation and differentiation of BMHCs maybe the underlying mechanisms for genistein protection of hematopoietic system against radiation damage.