碱性单细胞凝胶电泳技术用于淋巴细胞辐射生物剂量估算初探

Preliminary study on biological dosimetry using alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis of human peripheral lymphocytes

目的 初步探索碱性单细胞凝胶电泳（SCGE）方法用于电离辐射生物剂量估算的可行性.方法 不同剂量水平（0～5 Gy）的60Co γ射线照射正常人外周血,用碱性SCGE分析淋巴细胞“彗星”尾长和尾矩,建立各自的剂量-效应曲线.收集某基地放射工作从业人员的外周血进行碱性SCGE分析,并估算受照剂量,与监测物理剂量相比较.结果 淋巴细胞“彗星”尾长和尾矩均随着照射剂量的增加而增加,其剂量-效应曲线均为线性平方模式.以“彗星”尾长为指标的剂量-效应曲线方程为Y=13.59＋20.87X-2.27X^2,以尾矩为指标的曲线方程为Y=8.50＋15.04X-1.43X^2.参照上述方程,以尾矩为指标估算放射工作从业人员的剂量更接近实际受照剂量.结论 用碱性SCGE分析淋巴细胞“彗星”尾矩有希望成为电离辐射生物剂量计.

Objective To explore the feasibility of alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis （SCGE） in biological dosimetry of ionizing radiation. Methods Normal peripheral blood samples from two healthy males were exposed to different doses eoblat-60 gamma-rays, ranged from 0 to 5 Gy, and the tail length （TL） and Oliver tail moment （TM） of the lymphoeytes were analyzed with SCGE. The dose-effect curves of TL and TM were fitted respectively. The TL and TM of lymphocytes for eight radiation workers were analyzed with SCGE, cumulative doses were estimated using the fitted TL and TM equations, and then compared with the recorded monitoring doses. Results The TLs or TMs of normal human lymphocytes were increased with the irradiation doses, and its relationship can be fitted with a linear-quadratic equations： Y = 13.59 ＋ 20.87X - 2.27X^2 for TL, and Y = 8.50 ＋ 15.04X - 1.43X^2 for TM, respectively （ Y denotes TL or TM value, X is radiation dose）. The doses estimated with TM equation were closer to the recorded monitoring doses than that with TL equation. Conclusions The TM in lymphocytes analyzed with SCGE is a promising radiation biological dosimeter.