垂直潜流人工湿地污水处理特性

Performance of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland for wastewater treatment

垂直潜流人工湿地是一种新型的污水处理技术,在城镇污水资源化中有良好的实用价值和应用前景。通过对特征污染物即有机物、氮和磷的去除研究,阐述了污染物去除的基本特征和作用机理。湿地负荷8.1￣27 g[COD]/(m2.d)范围内,COD去除率为71%￣87%。垂直潜流人工湿地不利于大气复氧,并因而造成NH3-N去除率较低,平均去除率小于10%。TP去除率受温度和季节等因素影响较小,去除率为52%￣77%,但土壤pH值和溶解氧含量却制约着磷的吸附和沉淀作用。并介绍了各运行参数对COD、NH3-N和TP的去除效果的影响规律。

As a new technology for wastewater treatment, vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland has good practical value and application prospect in town sewage resourcing. Through the study on the removal of the characteristic contaminant such as organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus, the basic characteristics and the mechanism of contaminant removal were elaborated. When the COD loading of the wetland ranged from 8.1 - 27 g [COD ]/（m2·d）, the removal rate of COD was 71% - 87%. Vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland has negative effect on reaeration, which caused a low removal rate of NH3-N; the average removal rate was less than 10%. Temperature and season has ignorable effect on TP removal, the removal rate of TP was 52% - 77%; however, the capacities of phosphorus adsorption and deposition were restricted by the pH value of the soil and the concentration of dissolved oxygen. The rules of the effects of many operation parameters on the results of COD, NH3-N, and TP removal were also introduced.