等离子体热解煤制乙炔工程化过程中的关键问题

Key Problems of Industrialization of Acetylene Production from Coal Pyrolysis in Arc Plasma Jet

从等离子体热解煤制乙炔的特点出发,总结了国内外的研究现状,探讨了煤种、气氛及淬冷3个因素对乙炔收率和能耗的影响,结果表明:挥发分在25%￣40%、氧含量低、H/C比较高的煤种有利于乙炔的生成;在惰性气体中引入氢气可以提高煤的转化率和乙炔的生成率;淬冷能够促进生成乙炔的反应、提高乙炔的收率、降低反应能耗,并分析了实现工业化过程中需要解决的几个关键问题。

From the characteristics of the acetylene production by coal plasma pyrolysis, the technical development status in this field at home and abroad was summarized. The effect of coal type, atmosphere and quenching on the production of acetylene were investigated. The results show that the coals with 25%-40% volatile matter, low oxygen content and high H/C ratio have higher acetylene yield. Besides, adding hydrogen into inert gas may increase acetylene yield and coal conversion. The suitable position and speed of quenching cold water are beneficial to the formation of acetylene. Several key problems which should be solved in the industrialization were mentioned and analyzed.