银杏酚酸杀灭鱼类病原菌和指环虫的研究

Study on killing activity of ginkgolic acids to pathogen and dactylogyrus of fish

提取银杏外种皮中的银杏酚酸，测定了其含量，并对其杀灭鱼类病原菌和指环虫的活性进行了研究。结果表明，分离物中银杏酚酸的总含量为867mg／g，各单体C15：1，C17：1，C13：0，C15：0，C17：2的相对含量分别为499，226，201，32和29mg／g；银杏酚酸对鱼害粘球菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）均为7．81μg／mL，对鳗弧菌、点状产气单胞菌点状亚种、嗜水气单胞菌3株病原菌无明显的抑制效果，其MIC和MBC值均大于1000μg／mL；银杏酚酸对指环虫的最佳杀虫浓度为1．70mg／L，48h杀灭率达95％～100％；其质量浓度为3．5mg／L时试验金鱼开始出现中毒现象，48h的死亡率为60％。

Ginkgolic acids was obtained from exotesta of Ginlgo biloba by means of silica gel column chromatogram,and its contents were detected by HPLC. The results show that the content of ginkgolic acids was 867 mg/g in the purified substance,and the relative percentage contents were respectively 201, 499,29,32 and 266 mg/g for C15：1,C17：1,C13：0,C15：0and C17：2. The measured results of biologic activity indicated that both MIC and MBC of purified ginkgolic acids were 7.81 μg/mL to Flavobacterium columnare, there were no obvious interfering effects of ginkgolic acids on Vibrio anguillarum ,Aeromonas punctata sub. and Aeromonas hydrophila,its MIC and MBC were over 1 000 μg/mL. The best killing concentration of ginkgolic acids was 1.70 mg/L,the killing rate was from 95%to 100% in 48 hours,but when its concen- tration was over 3.5 mg/L,Carassius auratus tested appeared toxic,and the death rate attained 60% in 48 hours.