东山口岸1989~2004年鼠形动物及寄生蚤监测结果分析

The Analysis of Surveillant Results among Rat-shape Aninmals and Parasitic Fleas at Dongshan Port from 1989 to 2004

〔目的〕通过分析东山口岸1989￣2004年鼠形动物及寄生蚤监测结果,掌握其变迁和染疫情况,为指导防鼠、灭鼠和灭蚤工作提供科学依据。〔方法〕1989￣2004年在东山口岸范围内和附近的居住区,采用笼捕法定期进行鼠形动物及寄生蚤调查。〔结果〕共捕获鼠形动物990只,经鉴定为2目2科4种;以褐家鼠为优势鼠类,占捕鼠总数的57.07%;年平均鼠密度为9.33%;带蚤鼠数162只,检蚤596匹,平均染蚤率为16.36%,蚤指数0.60,以黄胸鼠的染蚤率和蚤指数为最高,分别是43.56%和1.87;分离鼠体血清346份,经检测鼠疫F1抗体阴性。〔结论〕本次监测显示,年平均鼠密度已超过国家标准要求,虽没有发现鼠疫F1抗体存在,但一旦有鼠疫传入,极易造成鼠间鼠疫流行,甚至可能波及人类。

Objective To understand the situation of parasitic fleas infection and the changes in rate shape animals,and to provide scientific basis preventing and killing rats and fleas. Methods The cage-catching wasys were adopted to investigate rat-shape animals and parasitic fleas at Dongshan port and nearby residential quarter from 1989 to 2004. Results A total of 990 rat-shape animals were caught and were divided into 2 orderes and 2families and 4 species after being identified.R.norvegicus Berkenhout was the dominate rat species,accounting for 57.07% of the total.Average rat denstity was 9.33% annually .162 rats with fleas and 596 fleas were caught.Average rate infected with flea and flea index were 16.36% and 0.60 respectively,the rate infected with flea and flea idex uf R.flavipectus Milne-Edwards were highest,which were 43.56% and 1.87 respectively.346 serous samples separated from rat-shape animals were tested and the plague F1-antibody was negative. Conclusions The average annual rat density has exceeded the national standard,although the plague F1-antibody has not been identified.Given plague occurs to the port,it would be easy to spread among rats even to the human beings.