玉米P群自交系与国内传统骨干系的杂种优势表现及其配合力分析

The Study on Crosses Performance Among P Colony Germplasm Lines and Chinese Key Lines in Maize

采用NCⅡ遗传交配设计,通过在北京的春、夏两个环境研究了9个P群自交系及来自我国主要杂种优势群的8个骨干自交系的杂交种的表现。结果表明:P群自交系与我国塘四平头、旅大红骨、改良Reid、改良Lan-caster等主要杂种优势类群的8个骨干自交系均具有较强的杂种优势,是一个相对独立的新的杂种优势群。其中P群种质与国内塘四平头群骨干系和旅大红骨群骨干系产量表现突出。P群自交系1127、沈137、1145和齐319的一般配合力较高。传统骨干系丹340、昌7-2和掖8112的一般配合力为正值而且较高,仍具有较高的利用潜力。此外,还分析了P群自交系与我国传统骨干系的主要农艺性状的一般配合力效应。这些结果对于认识和有效利用P群自交系、提高育种效果提供了理论依据。

P colony germplasm lines, derived successfully from exotic germplasm, were widely applied in maize production at present. The objectives of this study were to analyse the combining ability and heterosis between P colony germplasm lines and key lines from Chinese major groups through a 8 × 9 NC Ⅱ mating system. 72 crosses were evaluated in Spring and Autumn two ecological conditions in Beijing. The results indicated that the crosses of P germplasm with 8 key lines showed strong heterosis, which suggested P colony germplasm was a relatively special group. Especially, the crosses of P x lines representable for Tangsipingtou group and Ludahonggu group had better performances. The analysis of combining ability showed that the GCA of P colony germplasm lines1127, Shen 137, 1145 and Qi 319 were high, and the GCA of Chinese traditional lines Dan340, Chang7-2 and Ye8112 were also high, The main agronomic traits of the crosses of P lines × key lines were analyzed. These results provided significant information to understand P colony germplasm lines and make them useful in maize breeding practice.