认知图式理论在翻译建构中的意义及其具体运用

On the Significance of Cognitive Schema Theory in Translation Construction and Its Concrete Application

图式是指已有的知识经验在大脑中形成的“框图”,即知识结构。翻译中通过联想、搜索译入语中有关图式,进行套用、模仿、迁移和重构,有助于发挥译入语的优势,实现双语符号的成功转换。按照认知心理学观点,运用图式进行传译可包括三个方面,即运用原型匹配、运用模板匹配、运用“自上而下”搜索。

Schema refers to the diagrams of already existing knowledge experience formed in human brains, namely, knowledge structure. In translation, associating with and searching the related schemata in the target language,applying,patterning,transferring and reconstructing them can help give a full play to the superiority of the target language and achieving successful transformation of bilingual symbols. According to cognitive psychology, ways to use schema for expression in translation include：using prototype matching, using pattern plate, and searching ＂from above to below＂.