锂硫聚合物二次电池可行性研究

Recent progress in the key materials for Li-S polymer secondary batteries

锂硫聚合物二次电池不仅比能量高、成本低,而且具有良好的高温特性。介绍了复合型纳米硫正极材料、纳米储锂合金负极材料和用原位合成工艺掺入纳米二氧化硅的凝胶型聚合物电解质研制方面取得的突破性进展;所研制的复合型纳米硫正极材料,与凝胶电解质及锂金属负极配合制成扣式实验电池进行测试,重量比能量已达到700m Ah/g;采用微乳液新工艺合成的C uSn纳米合金重量比能量已经突破300m Ah/g,而石墨与金属的合金容量可达500m Ah/g以上;原位合成的纳米二氧化硅有效地降低了聚合物凝胶电解质的内阻。再用3～5年时间,可望制出以纳米锂合金为负极、纯固态聚合物为电解质和纳米硫复合材料为正极的高比能量电池。新型电池还可应用于电动汽车和各种军事用途。

The Li -S polymer secondary batteries being developed have higher capacity, lower materials cost and better performance at higher operation temperature. A nano -scale sulfur polymer composite cathode material has been developed for these batteries, and its cycle capacity is about 600 to 800mAh/g when the lithium metal is used as the anode; A nano - scale Cu/Sn alloy powder has been synthesized by a novel micro-emulsion process, its cycle capacity is over 300 mAh/g; The performance of PVdF gel electrolyte has been improved through the addition of the nanometer SiO2 synthesized in- situ. The development of advanced Li-S polymer secondary batteries will be successful in 3- 5 years and will be employed as the power sources of electric or hybrid vehicles.