上海市松江区流动人口免疫状况调查分析及对策

The Immune Status of the Floating Population in Shanghai Songjiang and the Strategies

目的分析上海市松江区流动人口免疫状况,为制定流动人口的免疫预防策略提供科学依据。方法利用上海市松江区历年流动人口的调查和疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果上海市松江区流动人口的数量逐年增长,流动儿童的合格接种率低,卡介苗(BCG)、口服脊髓灰质炎(OPV)、百白破联合疫苗(DPT)、麻疹疫苗(MV)、乙肝疫苗(HBV)的合格接种率分别为67.78%、64.93%、60.66%、64.45%和63.03%,5种疫苗的全程合格接种率仅为39.81%。流动人口麻疹的发病率高于本地人口,1996—2005年共发生麻疹爆发疫情20起,流动人口占98.00%。1999—2005年流动儿童OPV强化免疫登记接种对象144824人,接种率为95.58%。2001年在流动儿童和外来民工子弟学校学生中,开展了MV的强化免疫,共接种56566人,接种率为98.67%。2002年流动人口麻疹抗体监测阳性率为93.47%,几何平均滴度(GMT)为1∶866.21。结论流动人口已成为发生免疫可预防传染病的高危人群,应加强对流动人口的管理,加大宣传力度,加快全市乃至全国免疫接种信息化联网管理的进程,提高流动儿童的全程免疫接种率。

OBJECTIVE To analyse the current status of the floating population in Shanghai Songjiang and to offer evidence for the floating population preventive stratery. METHODS Analyzing the data from the investigation of the floating population and measles surveillance system. RESULTS It was showed that the floating population in the precinct has greatly increased annually, the granteed coverage for floating children is low. The rates of BCG, OPV, DPT, MV, HBV were 67.78%, 64.93%, 60,66%, 64.45% and 63.03% respectively, the qualified coverage rate was 39.81%. The measles incidence of floating population was higher than the native population. 20 measles outbreaks have been reported during 1996-2005, 98% infloating population. In 1999-2005, floating children registered for supplementary OPV immunization was 144 824, their vaccine coverage rate was 95.58%. Since 2001, 56 566 floating children and students were vaccinated with MV, the rate was 98.67%. In 2002, the GMT of measles antibody was 1：866.21. CONCLUSIONS The floating population has become population at risk of preventable and infectious disease. We should develop the management of floating population, enhance the propaganda, accelerate municipal and national＇s construction, improve the immunization coverage for floating children.