哈尔滨市小学高年级学习障碍学生影响因素的病例对照分析

The Case-control Study on Factors of Learning Disability in Higher Grade Children in Elementary School in Harbin

目的分析学习障碍的影响因素。方法采用病例对照方法对270名学习障碍儿童及其对照270名学习优良儿童采用自编学习障碍影响因素问卷进行调查。剔除无效问卷后获得有效问卷506份,有效回收率为94.2%。结果非条件Logistic回归分析提示:家庭中的生活事件多、孩子有厌学情绪、孩子的学习能力较差及孩子的学习态度较消极等是儿童学习障碍的危险因素,而孩子爸爸的文化程度较高是保护性因素。结论调查提示儿童学习障碍的产生和发展涉及到许多方面,因此,对学习障碍儿童的预防和干预应采取综合性的干预措施。

OBJECTIVE To study the factors on children with learning disability. METHODS Totally 249 children with learning disability and 257 normal controls were evaluated with self-made questionnaires （used by theirparents） . RESULTS The results of non-condition regression analysis indicated that： the family affairs, weary learning mood, learning ability weak, and learning attitude passive were risk factors, and higher educational level was prevent factor.CONCLUSION This investigation suggested us, many aspects were involved in the development of learning disability in children, therefore, the measures of prevention and intervention of learning disability of children should be integrative.