斑秃发病机制的实验研究进展

Pathogenesis of Alopecia Areata in C3H/HeJ Mice and DEBR Rats

斑秃是一种发生于毛囊的非瘢痕性、炎症性疾病,尽管临床无明显炎症表现,但组织病理学检查显示,生长期毛囊有淋巴细胞浸润和炎症介质增多,临床用免疫调节或抑制剂治疗有效。斑秃发病与自身免疫有关,是炎症细胞介导的、器官特异性疾病。啮齿类动物有自发脱发现象,其发病机制与人类斑秃相似,文中就啮齿类动物(C3H/HeJ小鼠和DEBR鼠)的秃发特征和发病机制研究现状作一综述。

Alopecia areata is a nonscarring, inflammatory disease of hair follicles. Histological changes are limited to anagen follicles that are surrounded by mononuclear cells and inflammatory mediators. This infiltration is composed primarily of cytotoxic （ CD8^＋ ） and helper （ CD4^＋） T cells. The infiltration is markedly reduced by intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide with subsequent hair re-growth in the affected site. Alopecia areata is suspected to be an autoimmune disease targeting hair follicles. The disease closely resembling human is found in a large production colony of C3H/HeJ mice and DEBR rats. The traits and pathogenesis of alopecia areata in C3H/HeJ mice and DEBR rats are discussed.