常见致病菌在临床上分布情况的调查及分析

INQUISITION AND ANALYSE OF COMMONLY PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN CLINIC

目的:了解临床致病菌谱,指导临床医师合理使用抗生素,有效地防制抗生素滥用现象。方法:采取整群抽样方法,对承德市5家医院从2001年至2004年对临床细菌培养结果进行统计学分析。结果:培养阳性的1393株菌株中,G-阴性菌株占67.98%,顺位依次为:埃希氏菌属、肠杆菌属、假单胞菌属。G+阳性菌株占22.90%,顺位依次为:葡萄球菌属、肠球菌属。真菌阳性率为9.12/%,以白色念球菌为主。结论:目前致病菌谱发生了改变,抗生素类药物,应根据药敏实验在医师指导下合理选用。

Objective： To understand the commonly pathogenic bacteria chart in clinic and to provide doctors with evidence for their diagnosis and prescription and for controlling the abuse of antibiotics. Methods： To adapt the method of cluster sampling and to analyze statistically the results of clutivable bacteria in 5 representative hospitaals of Chengde city from May. 2001 to May. 2004. Results： Of 1393 postitive cultivable bacteria 67. 98% was G bacteria and the sequence in descending was： Escheriohia. Enterobacter and Pseudoonas. 22. 90% was G^＋ bacteria the descending order was： staphylococcus. Enterobacter and pneumococcus. Conclusion： Chart of pathogenic bacteria to be changed, in order to prevent the abuse of antibiotics. And to minimize drug resistance it should not be used as over-the-counter medications （OTC）. Patients ought to obey doctors prescription according to the experiment of drug susceptibility.