黄河上游玛曲地区雨滴谱特征的观测研究

Analysis on Raindrop-Size Distribution Characteristics of Maqu Region in Upper Reach of Yellow River

为了解决近年来黄河流域水资源短缺的现象,2000年由青海省气象局组织及多个单位合作,在黄河上游进行了人工增雨试验。通过对玛曲地区雨滴谱的分析,推测玛曲当地的雨滴较大,这对在当地实施人工增雨提供了观测依据。另外,通过分析得到当地积云降水的雷达反射率因子和雨强的相关关系式,该公式可以作为利用雷达定量测量高原地区降水的参考。分析发现,虽然高原地区冷雨过程是主要的降水机制,但是暖雨过程仍然对降水有贡献。通过对雨滴谱资料的分析,可以促进对高原地区云物理特征的了解。

To solve the problem that Yellow River areas is short of water resource, rain enhancement experiments are conducted in upper reach of Yellow River. It is organized by Qinghai Meteorological Bureau in 2000. Analysis of raindrop-size distribution in Maqu region shows that raindrop-size there is big. The result provides experimental foundation for implement of rain enhancement experiment there. On the other hand, the relationship between radar reflectivity factor and rain intensity can be useful to the quantitative measurement of rainfall. What is more, the warm rain process can be useful to precipitation although cold rain process is the main precipitation mechanism over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. The analysis of raindrop-size distribution can deepen the understanding of cloud physical characteristics over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.