爆破拆除高大建筑物产生的震动危害与减震方法

Harm of the Seism Vibration In the High-building Blasting Demolition and Method of Damping Vibration

论述了爆破拆除城市高大建筑物时产生的震动危害及我国目前预测爆破震动对建筑物破坏的安全判据,根据研究资料和几个典型的A级定向爆破工程地震动实测结果,总结了爆破拆除城市高大建筑物时地震动的特点:即高大建筑物倒塌触地产生的震动振速高、频率低、作用时间长,其危害大于爆破震动;爆破震动与天然地震的作用特点不同,不能按天然地震的烈度概念来分析处理。并探讨了减小单响爆震、分散释放爆炸能量、分段折叠倒塌、铺垫缓冲层、截波防震等减震方法的减震原理和具体方法。

Harm of blasting vibration in tower building demolition in city and safety criteria predicting building dectruction by blasting vibration have been discussed. On the basic of the data studying blasting vibration and the results of the vibration measured in the demolition of A level building , feature of seism vibration have been summed up. The vibration harm that is produced by tower building pushing ground is more serious than that being produced by blasting. That is, its velocity is higher, its frequency is lower and its actting time is longer. The characteristics of blasting vibration is defferent from that of natural shock. The effect of blasting vibration cann＇t be treated like natural shock. Relatively the principles and methods of reducing vibration are discussed , such as reducing single-shot firing dose, dispersing charge to reduce hypocentral energy , making building collapse with segmented and folded ways, covering the cushions and interceptioning vibration-wave for shock-proof.