葡萄无核基因的RAPD遗传标记

Identification of Genetic Marker Linked to Seedless Genes in Grapes Using RAPD

报道了用随机引物和混合分离分析（ＢＳＡ）方法检测葡萄无核基因连锁的遗传标记。ＤＮＡ混合样来自Ｂ７２－２１６×Ｂ４５－１８７的杂交后代。两个混合样分别由９个表现型为无核和有核杂种组成，除有核与无核性状外，其他性状是随机的。用１０碱基随机序列的１００个引物筛选混合样以期获得多态型ＤＮＡ片段。结果在引物ＵＢＣ－２６９扩增后，５００对碱基的ＤＮＡ多态型片段出现在无核样，而有核样不出现该多态型片段。进一步用杂种、父本及其无核基因的供给者无核白（ＴｈｏｍｐｓｏｎＳｅｅｄｌｅｓｓ）和百乐葡萄（Ｐｅｒｌｅｔｅ）作模板，用引物ＵＢＣ－２６９扩增，一些杂种、亲本及无核基因的供给者也拥有５００对碱基的多态型片段。据此分析，葡萄的无核性是由多基因控制的，这些基因有主效和微效之分；本研究获得的分子标记ＵＢＣ－２６９５００与葡萄无核基因之一有连锁关系。

This paper reports the rapid detection of a genetic marker linked to seedless genes in segregant populations of grapes using random primers and BSA (bulked segregant analysis). Two bulked DNA samples were generated from cross combination of B72 216×B45 187. One bulk contains mixed DNA samples of 9 individuals that are identical for the seedlessness trait in phenotype, and another bulk are those of 9 individuals of the same family with the seeded trait, but arbitrary at all unlinked regions. The bulks were first screened for polymorphism using a set of 100 arbitrary 10 mers primers. Only one polymorphism in the seedless trait pool distinguished two bulks by primer UBC 269. The size of this polymorphism is 500 bp. The polymorphism was further featured in some hybrids and the pollen parent B45 187 as well as initial donors of seedless genes, Thompson seedless, and Perlette, when they were used as the templates for amplified by UBC 269. Based on the presence or absence of this polymorphism, segregation that can be mapped in the population occurs. Our results suggested that the seedlessness of grapes is controlled by multigenes, including major and minor genes; The marker, UBC 269 500 obtained in the study, was linked to one of the seedless genes in grapes. and it appears to be related to a major seedless gene.