中国短季低酚棉遗传资源初步研究

Premary Study on Chinese Short-season Pigment Glandless Germplasm Resources in Upland Cotton

本文对我国生产上应用的短季低酚棉品种及近几年参加各区域试验的新品系４０份材料进行农艺性状和品质特性分析研究，并与当前在黄河流域推广的短季低酚棉品种中无２６８进行了系统比较。结果表明，该资源群体单株结铃数平均值仅有１４．３个，与推广品种中无２６８相比偏少。单铃重平均值为５．９ｇ，远大于推广品种中无２６８；衣分偏低，平均值为３５．４２％，中无２６８的衣分处于此值附近；２．５％跨长、比强度、马克隆值平均值分别为２８．８ｍｍ，２１．９ｇ／ｔｅｘ，４．５ｍｉｃ。长度基本符合纺织工业要求，无论是群体平均值，还是现今推广品种中元２６８均表现比强度偏低、纤维整齐度较好。生育期平均值１０９．８ｄ，大多数品种在１０５～１１５ｄ范围之内。推广品种中无２６８表现出较短的生育期。蛋白质含量平均值为４０．０７，变幅大，变异潜力小。棉酚含量平均值０．０１６５，符合国际卫生标准。未达国际卫生标准的仅占６．７％。

materials of short-season pigment glandless cotton were studied. The result showed that the averages of boils per plant, boll weight and lint percentage of them were 14. 3 bolls/PL, 5. 9g/boll and 35. 42% respectively. The bolls per plant was lower than that of cultivars being used in cotton production. The averages of 25% span length,HVI strength, micronaire value of the entries were 28. 8mm, 21. 9g/tex and 4. 5 mike,respectively. The ratio of fibre length was suitable for the textile industry, but its strength was low. The average of fibre uniformity was 52.7%, that exceeded the highest level of the international trade standard. It was only 15% that the materials surpassed standard uniformity. The mean of growing peroid was 109. 8 days for the entries, ranged from 105 to 115 days for most of them. The average of the crude protein content of the population was 40. 07%,the variation of that was small and the range was broad.The average of gossgpol content of the entries was 0. 0165, but 3 of them exceeded 0.04 %.