张家口市小学生肥胖状况分析

Analysis on the Prevalence of Obesity Among Pupils in Zhangjiakou

目的 了解张家口市区小学生超重、肥胖情况,为小学生原发性肥胖的防治工作提供依据.方法 采用分层随机整群抽样法选择张家口市7～12周岁3 043名儿童,分别测定身高、体重、血压和肺活量,计算体质量指数（BMI）和肺活量指数.应用BMI法筛查超重和肥胖儿童.结果 张家口市儿童超重及肥胖检出率分别为11.47%和10.15%.其中,男女生超重检出率分别为13.2%和9.9%,肥胖检出率分别为12.9%和7.1%,男生超重和肥胖检出率均显著高于女生（P＜0.01）.超重、肥胖儿童的收缩压和舒张压数值均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.超重、肥胖儿童的肺活量＞正常体重儿童（P＜0.01）,而肺活量指数明显低于正常体重儿童（P＜0.01）.结论 张家口市男童肥胖的发展趋势较为突出.提示及早预防和控制儿童肥胖有助于心肺功能的发育.

Objective To study the prevalenee of overweight and obesity of primary school students in Zhangiiakou, and to provide bases for preventions. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to eolleet 3 043 primary school students aged 7 - 12 in Zhangjiakou in 2004. Their weight, height, blood pressure and vital capacity were calculated. BMI was adopted to screen overweight and obesity children. Results The prevalence rates werel 1.47% and 10.15% for overweight and obesity respectively. Among the nudes and females, the prevalence rate were 13.2% and 9.9% for overweight while 12.9% and 7.1% for obesity, respectively. Both the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in males were significantly higher than those in females （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The systolie pressure and diastolic pressure in children of overweight and obesity had a statistical significance with that of the normal group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The vital capacity values in children of overweight and obesity were higher than the normal group while the vital capacity indiees were obviously lower than the normal group（ P 〈 0.01 ）. Condusion Higher prevalence of overweight and obesity is found in the boys. Early prevention on obesity can be helpful to prevent eardiopuhnonary disease.