空间的生产可能集和技术效率

Production Technology and Technical Efficiency in(k,y) Space

技术效率的估计方法有参数法和非参数法,由于传统效率分析指标———资金K、劳动力L和产出Y,识别不出资产技术的差异,部分文献在参数法中采用资金装备率k(或加职工人数L)和劳动生产率y来估计企业技术效率。为探讨这一指标体系下的非参数技术效率分析方法,本文将传统(K,L,Y)空间的规模不变生产可能集映射到(k,y)空间,得到(k,y)空间的规模非增生产可能集。我们证明,决策单元在(k,y)空间的规模非增技术效率等于决策单元在传统(K,L,Y)空间的规模不变技术效率(C2R技术效率)。这一结果简化了传统C2R技术效率的计算,而且可以在(k,y)空间得到资产物理技术的最佳近似值———资产运营前沿技术。

Technical efficiency can be estimated by parametric or nonparametric approach. As conventional efficiency analyzing indexes, capital K, labor and output Y, can＇t identify embodied technology. Some literatures adopt labor productivity and capital-labor ratio k （or plus labor） in parametric efficiency analysis. In order to explore the nonparametric approach under these indexes, the conventional constant returns to scale （RTS） production technology is projected into（k ,y）, so that a non-increasing RTS production technology is obtained. Technical efficiency defined in（k ,y） space just equals the conventional C^2R technical efficiency in （K, L, Y）space. This result simplifies the calculation of （C^2R） technical efficiency, and also, assets physical technology can be approached in （k, y） space, which called assets operating-frontier technology.