方苞是“汉学”的对立面吗?——“桐城派与汉宋学之争”札记之一

Is Fang Bao the Opposition to Han Studies——Notes for argumentation between Tongcheng school and Han-Song studies

有学者认为:方苞是“汉学”的对立面,是桐城派与“汉学”交恶的肇始者。针对这一论断,提出:汉宋学之争的框架不适合于方苞,方苞没有也不可能反对“汉学”。方苞的学术思想是在明清之际“实学”思潮的背景下形成的,他深受“实学”思潮的影响,这一影响不仅表现于方苞前期的学术取向,也表现于他对程朱理学的选择,即重在程朱理学的经世方面,而不是本体论方面;从方苞最为致力的礼学研究中也不难看出“实学”思潮的影响,他的礼学思想从渊源上可以说是与“汉学”同源的,他的“理寓于礼”观点,在一定意义上还为“汉学”家“以礼代理”思想的形成开拓了道路。

Some scholars hold that Fang Bao is the opposition to Han studies, and the initiator of dispute between Tongcheng school and Han studies. In fact, Fang was not object to Han studies. Fang＇s academic thoughts formed under the influence of the trend of thoughts which can be detected in his early academic orientation, his choice of exposition on managing social affairs in Cheng-Zhu＇ s neo-Confucianism, and his devoted study on rite. Furthermore, his thoughts can even be traced in Han studies, and his viewpoint of ＂reason contained in rite＂ opened up a path for the formation of the thought of ＂substituting rite for reason＂ in Han studies.