壳聚糖导管复合雪旺细胞修复兔面神经缺损的实验研究

An experimental study on repairing of facial nerve defects with complex chitosan conduits containing Schwann cells

目的:应用壳聚糖导管作为神经再生室,复合体外培养的雪旺细胞修复兔面神经缺损,观察神经再生的效果。方法:用壳聚糖和羧甲基壳聚按3:1的比例采用冷冻干燥法制成壳聚糖复合导管;取胎兔坐骨神经,经体外增殖培养获得雪旺细胞,复合于壳聚糖导管,修复兔面神经0.8 cm的缺损,并与单用壳聚糖导管作对照,观察修复后4、8、16周的神经电生理及组织学检查情况。结果:术后8周新生面神经纤维已沿管壁通过缺损到达远端,术后16周导管大部分降解,新生神经变粗变直,神经纤维排列整齐规则,神经电生理检查记录到复合动作电位,复合雪旺氏细胞的导管再生神经较粗,动作电位幅值较高。结论:壳聚糖导管可引导神经再生,复合雪旺细胞的壳聚糖导管神经再生效果较好。

Objective： To evaluate the effect of complex chitosan conduits containing Schwann cells（SCs） in repairing of facial nerve defects. Methods： Complex chitosan conduits were made from chitosan and carboxymethyl-chitosan by freeze drying method in proportion of 3 to 1. Schwann cells were obtained from sciatic nerves of new born rabbits, and then were cultured and n mnber-enlarged. After being combined with SCs, the complex chitosan conduits were used to repair a 0.8 cm-defect of facial nerve. The nerve regeneration was evaluated by gross, electmohvsiological and histological examinations after 4, 8 and 16 weeks, and were compared with the results of using conduits only. Results： New nerve had bridged the defects 8 weeks after operation, and most of the conduits had degraded 16 weeks after operation. Compared with chitosan conduits only , the conduits ＋ SCs group had better electrophysiological and histological results. Conclusion： The complex chitosan conduit combined with SCs is a better method for repairing of facial nerve defects.