社会资本在社会发展中的作用——兼论韩国新村运动提高社会资本的实践与思考

The Role of Social Capital in Social Development——Tentatively on the practice of increasing social capital in the South Korean New Village Movement

目前,社会资本被认为是世界经济发展的关键因素。它已被广泛用来解释具有相同或相似的物质资本与人力资本的国家或地区经济发展差异和项目绩效差异的原因。然而,它在社会发展中的作用,也日益凸现出来。社会资本在社会发展中的作用主要表现在克服集体行动的困境、提高公共政策效率、促进政府治理绩效和有利于和谐社会建构四个方面。韩国的新村运动之所以能比以前其他类似的运动取得比较成功的绩效,主要在于政府采取多种措施提高和重建社会资本的结果。中国的新农村建设要想取得满意的成效,也不应忽视在提高和重建社会资本方面多下工夫。

At present, social capital has been regarded as the key to world economy. It is widely used to explain the differences of economic development and project performance existing among countries or regions with same or similar physical and human capitals. Nevertheless, its role in social development is rising. The roles can be played through the four aspects ： overcoming predicament of group action, improving efficiency of public policy, promoting performance of government governing and building a harmonious society. The better results achieved by Southern Korean New Village Movement, compared with similar campaigns, proved govern- ment＇s comprehensive management of optimize social capital. To gain a good effect in building new -type villages, China should not neglect to improve and re -optimize its social capitals.