为官与为师——明清地方儒学教师出路研究

As an officer or a Teacher:A study of Local Confucian Teacher' Prospects During the Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期,地方儒学教师作为国家的文职官员,其出路问题不仅反映了政府及社会对地方儒学教师职业性质的认识,也直接影响到这一群体的职业声望和教育教学质量,决定着地方儒学教师这一职业对已仕者和准备入仕者的吸引力,深刻地影响地方儒学教师的选拔。研究明清地方儒学教师的出路问题对于我们认识中国封建社会晚期教师职业的性质、社会地位及其发展历程等都具有重要价值。

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as national civilian officers , the local Confucian teachers＇ prospects not only reflected the governmental and social understanding of the character of their occupation , but also immediately influenced the popularity of their occupation and the quality of their educational and teaching practice , decided the appeal of the local Confucian teachers to the people who had been or wanted to be officers , and profoundly influenced the selection of the local Confucian teachers. The research on the local Confucian teachers＇ prospects is of great value to our understanding of the character, the social status and the progressive course of the teachers in the late feudalism society in China.