动词主语的性质指向分析

On Verb as Subject and Gerund in Chinese

关于做主语的动词之性质历来有两种不同的看法。它既和语法有关也和语义有关,对动词主语的全面的分析,即语用的、语义的、语法的,有利于明确其动词主语的真正内涵。根据当代语言学的有关理论,依据对动词主语的语义指向变化,动词主语中动词配价变化,动词主语的谓语特点,以及动词的历时变化分析,做主语的动词应为动名词,它同时具有动词和名词的双重性质。

There are two kinds of opinions on the character of verb as subject, the common point of which is connected not only to the grammar but also the meaning. The complete analysis of subject （i. e. from pragmatics, semantics and phraseology） is good for learning its real connotation. This essay tries to analyze the changes of semantics, verb-compound change, character of predicate, history change of verb when it is used as subject by some contemporary thoreies. and deems that the verb used as subject is gerund, which takes on double characters of verb and noun.