上海市养老机构老年人慢性疾病及相关因素调查分析

Investigation on Elderly Chronic Disease in Shanghai Institution for the Elderly

目的：探索养老机构老年人慢性病的现状及分布特点。方法：对上海市五家养老机构60岁及以上的912位老年人，在慢性病、患病危险因索、生活自理能力等方面进行问卷调查和病案资料分析。结果：老年人中70-79岁占27．30％，80岁以上占60．86％。慢性疾病患病率99．67％，患病率前7位的分别是：高血压占57．46％，冠心病占42．65％，脑血管病占38．38％，慢支占16．12％，痴呆症占15．79％，骨折占15．02％，糖尿病占14．47％，除脑血管病和糖尿病外，其他疾病女性患病率均高于男性，P〈0．05。同时患两种疾病的占24．97％，患3种及以上疾病的占64．14％。生活部分自理和完全不能自理，占74．78％。结论：养老机构老年人年龄高，慢性疾病患病率高，伴有多种疾病比率商，且年龄越大患疾病种类越多，部分存在精神行为异常，生活不能自理比率高。

Objective：To explore the present situation and the distributed characteristic of elderly chronic disease in Shanghai institution for the elderly. Methods：Analyzing the questionnaire survey and medical records of chronic disease, suffering sick dangerous, the ability of taking care for oneself of the 912 elderly people who is 60 and above in five institutions for the elderly in Shanghai. Results： Of the elderly the number is 27.30% in 70 -79, above 80,60.86%. The rate of suffering chronic disease is 99.67%. The first 7 is ： hypertension covering 57.46% , coronary heart disease covering 42.65% , cerebrovascuiar disease covering 38.38% , chronic bronchitis covering 16.12% , dementia covering 15.79% , fraction covering 15.02% , diabetes covering 14.47% , besides brain blood vessel disease and diabetes,the rate of the other disease suffered by female is higher the male,P 〈0.05. There are 227 people suffering two kinds of diseases ,covering 4.97% ,there are 585 people suffering and even more kinds of diseases, coveing 64.14%. Partly and completely not able to take care of oneself, is covering 74.78%. Conclusions ： The age of elderly people in institution for the elderly is high. The rate suffering chronic disease is high, the rate accompanying other disease is high, and the older the more of the happen of the diseases, part of them existing mental and behavior unusual. The rate that cannot taking care of oneself is high.