莱蒙检验(Lemon Test)——美国司法处理政教分离案件的一个标准

Lemon Test——One Standard Adopted by American Federal Courts to Try Church-state Separation Case

莱蒙检验产生与发展有美国宗教自由与制定法作为背景。它是美国联邦最高法院于1971年所确立的解决政教分离案件的一个三步走的检验标准。莱蒙检验在联邦法院审理的政教分离案件中成为首要标准,但其适用呈现出混乱的局面。就解决政教分离案件的模式来说,兼顾经验与理性的判例法是人类目前的最佳选择。

Lemon test relied on the religion freedom and its legislation, which was a three-part standard entrenched to adjudge church-state separation case. Lemon test is the primary standard while federal courts are trying church-state separation case. But the application of Lemon Test is disordered. However, according to the mode of trying church-state separation case, judge-made law is the best choice for human being.