女性文学“性别”意识的话语转型

On the Development of "Sex" Criticism in Feminist Literature

新时期以来的女性文学批评,性别意识一以贯之。之初,作为对特定历史时期“男女都一样”的性别观点的反拨,批评话语侧重女性立场的强调,女性意识的阐发。90年代以来,批评话语渐渐转向了“社会性别”,研究中更倾向于男性权力的批判和性别差异的解构。近年来,“性别诗学”理论渐渐浮现,强调性别属性的阐释与其它范畴的结合,并谋求双性差异中的和谐,这意味着学界对性别介入文学的问题有了更理性的认识。

New era feminist literary criticism has been dominated by sex for years. Its development falls into the following three stages： at the very beginning, it stresses women＇ s viewpoints and understanding in accordance with the sense of ＂Men and women are equal＂ ; since 1990s, it turns to ＂social sex＂ with the focus of phallocentrism criticism and sex deconstruction; in recent years, there has appeared a kind of ＂sex poetics＂, which, in a more rational way, emphasizes the combination of sex interpretation with other explanations and tries to look for some sort of sexual harmony.