星突江鲽生物学特性及养殖前景

The biologic characteristics of starry flounder(Platichthys stellatus Pallas)

星突江鲽(Platichthysstellatus Pallas)为冷温、广盐性鲆鲽鱼类。英文称之为Starry floun-der,因其头部和鱼体部分的星状鳞像无数个星星在夜空闪烁而得名。星突江鲽最典型的特征是背鳍、臀鳍和尾鳍上分布有黑、白、黄相间的垂直条纹。鱼体的有眼侧为黑褐色或黑色,无眼侧为乳白色。星突江鲽两眼位于头左侧或右侧,在美国西岸俄勒冈州约50.8%位于右侧,在亚洲东北沿岸均位于左侧。星突江鲽具有很强的环境适应性,适应范围广,可以采用多种养殖方式进行养殖,包括工厂化养殖、土池粗放养殖和半粗放养殖等,是具养殖潜力的海水鱼类之一。其肉质白,细嫩,味鲜美,肌肉弹性与牙鲆相比高1.7倍,不饱和脂肪酸含量也是牙鲆的1.6倍,是做生鱼片的好材料,在我国有良好的消费前景。

Starry flounder （Platichthys stellatus） is known to occur in coastal waters of the Pacific and Arctic oceans and connecting seas as well as rivers within 33°-73°N and 105° W- 127° E. Thus it is one of the most widely distributive flounders. Starry flounder may be either right or left-eyed with oblique dark bars alternating with yellowish-orange bars on dorsal, anal, and caudal fins. The eyed side is mostly brown to black and the blind side is white. Along the coasts of Washington, Oregon and California, 50.8% of all starry flounder are right-eyed. In Asia, 100% are left-eyed. Starry flounder can grow up to 92 cm in length and 9.1 kg in weight. It is a cold-water and euryhaline species, which could be cultivated in both methods of indoor intensive culture and earthen pond culture along chinese coast. Therefore, the outlook of the fish culture industry is promising.