滇西北藏区草地管理方式对草地昆虫群落多样性的影响

Grassland insect community diversity in Tibetan region of northwestern Yunnan under different management patterns

采用野外样地生态方法研究了4种不同管理草地的昆虫群落的多样性。结果表明,草地昆虫群落优势类群为叶蝉总科、盲蝽科、蝇科、瘿蚊科等;刈草草地、种植草地、自由放牧草地和灌丛草地拥有的昆虫的科数分别为40、44、35和36,个体数分别为1869、1510、997和848;刈草草地昆虫群落多样性指数相对较高。用Jaccard相似性系数(ISJ)判别发现,4种管理方式草地昆虫群落处于中等相似水平。因此,不同管理方式对昆虫群落的多样性有影响,传统管理的刈草草地有利于维持草地昆虫的多样性。

The study with field sampling method showed that in the Tibetan region of North westeon yunnan Province, the dominant groups of grassland insect community were Cicadelloidea, Miridae, Muscidae and Cecidomyi- idae. The number of insect families on forage grassland, cultivated grassland, grazing grassland and shrub grassland were 40, 44, 35 and 36, and that of insect individuals were 1869, 1510, 997 and 848, respectively, indicating the higher richness and abundance of insect community on forage-and cultivated grasslands. The biodiversity index of cultivated grassland was also the highest. Based on the criterion of Jaccard＇ s ISJ, a medium similarity of insect community was observed on the four grasslands. Different management patterns of grassland had definite effects on grassland insect community diversity, and traditionally managed forage grassland was benefited to the maintenance of this diversity.