土壤风蚀影响因子与防治技术

Research advances in affecting factors and prevention techniques of soil wind erosion

土壤风蚀是当今制约世界各国农业可持续发展和环境质量的主要因素。本文从土壤质地、风速、土壤湿度和植被覆盖等方面介绍了影响土壤风蚀的主要因素,并详细阐述了各个因素与风蚀量之间的数量关系;同时总结出了当前国际上流行的几种能够有效防治风蚀的方法,并且通过比较各种防治方法的优缺点,提出目前解决中国土壤风蚀最可行的途径是保护性耕作为主,其他技术为辅;最后,借鉴西方新制度经济学的观点,分析了目前土壤风蚀防治进展缓慢的原因,并提出了相关的政策性建议。

Soil wind erosion is an important factor which limits the world agricultural sustainable development and environmental quality. This paper introduced the main affecting factors of soil wind erosion, and its main prevention techniques commonly used nowadays. Through the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques, it was considered that the most feasible approach is to implement conservation tillage, with other techniques as supplement. By the end of this paper, the reasons of the slow evolvement in preventing soil wind erosion were analyzed, and some constructive suggestions were put forward.