20世纪90年代大学与校办科技企业的关系及其变动——以北大校办科技企业为案例的社会学分析

The relationship between the universities and the university-managed technical firms and its change in 1990s:a sociological study based on the case of the technical firms managed by Peking University

20世纪90年代校办科技企业的大规模兴起与衰退的发展过程,充分展示了我国大学、政府与校企的复杂关系。大学再生产的需要给予校办科技企业发展的合法性,政府、大学与校企之间的“声望等级制”是校企得以迅速扩展的关键因素,而校企的混合体制有利于校企有效地利用这种声望等级制。但这种混合体制和大学组织的特点,导致大学难以有效管理校企和确保大学的利益,最终使校、企的互动关系在90年代后期陷入僵局,从而导致校企在大学中的再次边缘化及大学与校企的分离。

In the 1990s, the development of the university-managed technical firms show the complex relationship among the universities, the firms and the governments. The need of the reproduction of the universities legitimated these firms, and the prestige hierarchy played a key role in the rapid development of the firms, and the hybrid system between the universities and the firms caused the phenomenon of strong firms and weak manager. The firms could not escape the control of the universities because of the institutions o the hybrid later in the system lead the interaction between the universities and the firms universities, to lock-in in 1990s. Finally, the change of the conditions of the reproduction of the universities margined the firms in the universities.